The exceptionally uniform temperature distribution obtained with transverse heating significantly reduces or eliminates condensation of the sample matrix components and "memory" effects and improves the atomization efficiency for refractory elements. For improved characteristic mass with volatile and medium refractory elements such as Ag, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Pb, Se, and Tl, the THGA graphite tubes with end caps are recommended.

Additional benefits of these tubes include: Improved detection limits for volatile and medium refractory elements and Faster drying for complex matrices due to enlarged dosing hole. THGA graphite tubes with end caps are not recommended for refractory elements such as V or for Ba.

The tubes are compatible with PerkinElmer PinAAcle 900T, PinAAcle 900Z, AAnalyst 600, AAnalyst 800, Model 4100ZL, Model 4110ZL, Model 5100ZL, SIMAA 6000 Zeeman AA instruments.